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  1. Home
  2. ›The Books
  3. ›Congress
  4. ›Historical
  5. ›FFY 2023

FFY 2023

CBO categories for this fiscal year: revenue sources, discretionary and mandatory outlays, and interest.

Billions of dollars

CBO historical categories for this fiscal year, in billions of dollars. This is the next layer under the annual totals, not program-by-program detail. All fiscal years · Compare with another year.

Revenues

$4.4T

Outlays

$6.1T

Deficit / surplus

−$1.7T

Debt held by the public

$26.2T

Revenue sources

Showing 7 of 7

Revenue sources
Rank
1Individual income taxes$2.2T
2Payroll taxes$1.6T
3Corporate income taxes$419.6B
4Customs duties$80.3B
5Excise taxes$75.8B
6Miscellaneous receipts$40.6B
7Estate and gift taxes$33.7B

  1. #1

    Individual income taxes

    $2.2T

  2. #2

    Payroll taxes

    $1.6T

  3. #3

    Corporate income taxes

    $419.6B

  4. #4

    Customs duties

    $80.3B

  5. #5

    Excise taxes

    $75.8B

  6. #6

    Miscellaneous receipts

    $40.6B

  7. #7

    Estate and gift taxes

    $33.7B

Discretionary outlays

Showing 2 of 2

Discretionary outlays
Rank
1NondefenseDiscretionary nondefense outlays$911.9B
2DefenseDiscretionary defense outlays$806.2B

  1. #1

    Nondefense

    Discretionary nondefense outlays

    $911.9B

  2. #2

    Defense

    Discretionary defense outlays

    $806.2B

Mandatory outlays

Showing 9 of 9

Mandatory outlays
Rank
1Other major health care$1.6T
2Social Security$1.3T
3Medicare$1.0T
4Medicaid$615.8B
5Income security$448.1B
6Other mandatory$307.6B
7Federal retirement$197.1B
8Veterans’ programs$170.4B
9Offsetting receiptsOften negative; reduces reported mandatory totals−$344.6B

  1. #1

    Other major health care

    $1.6T

  2. #2

    Social Security

    $1.3T

  3. #3

    Medicare

    $1.0T

  4. #4

    Medicaid

    $615.8B

  5. #5

    Income security

    $448.1B

  6. #6

    Other mandatory

    $307.6B

  7. #7

    Federal retirement

    $197.1B

  8. #8

    Veterans’ programs

    $170.4B

  9. #9

    Offsetting receipts

    Often negative; reduces reported mandatory totals

    −$344.6B

Interest and offsets

Showing 2 of 2

Interest and offsets
Rank
1Net interest$658.3B
2Offsetting receipts (outlays)Budget accounting offsets in the outlay presentation−$344.6B

  1. #1

    Net interest

    $658.3B

  2. #2

    Offsetting receipts (outlays)

    Budget accounting offsets in the outlay presentation

    −$344.6B

← FFY 2022FFY 2024 →
Categories follow CBO historical publications for a single federal fiscal year; do not blend FFYs. Source: Congressional Budget Office. Built 2026-09-13. How we read these tables: methodology.