The Floor · H.R. 1 · Became law
An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.
Policy area · Economics and Public Finance
Sponsor · Rep. Arrington, Jodey C. [R-TX-19]
Public Law 119-21
This bill reduces taxes, reduces or increases spending for various federal programs, increases the statutory debt limit, and otherwise addresses agencies and programs throughout the federal government. It is known as a reconciliation bill and includes legislation submitted by several congressional committees pursuant to provisions in the FY2025 congressional budget resolution (H Con. Res. 14) that directed the committees to submit legislation to the House or Senate Budget Committee that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. (Reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.) TITLE I--COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND FORESTRY This title addresses a wide range of Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs, including by changing the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and extending programs authorized by the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (commonly known as the 2018 farm bill). Subtitle A--Nutrition (Sec. 10101) This section prohibits USDA from increasing the cost of the Thrifty Food Plan (TFP) based on a reevaluation of the contents of the TFP (i.e., the market basket of goods). Further, any annual adjustment to the cost of the plan must be based on the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers. As background, USDA created the TFP (the cost of purchasing a nutritionally adequate low-cost diet), which is used to determine maximum monthly benefits under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). USDA calculates the cost of the TFP each year to account for food price inflation. Maximum allotments are set at the monthly cost of the TFP for a four-person family, adjusted for family size. Under a provision of the 2018 farm bill, USDA must reevaluate the market basket of goods every five years based on current food prices, food composition data, consumption patterns, and dietary guidance. (Sec. 10102) This section expands the applicability of work requirements for SNAP recipients who are able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs). As background, these SNAP recipients have work-related requirements in addition to the general SNAP work registration and employment and training requirements. SNAP law limits benefits to ABAWDs to 3 months out of a 36-month period, unless the participant meets the additional work-related requirements. Specifically, the section amends the exemptions to this requirement. First, the section applies the work requirements for ABAWDs to adults who are not over 65 years old, whereas these requirements currently apply to adults who are not over 55 years old. Second, the ABAWD exemption for a parent or household member with responsibility for a dependent child is restricted to a dependent child under the age of 14. Currently, those with a child under the age of 18 are exempt from the requirements. This section includes an exception for individuals who are Indians, Urban Indians, or California Indians (as these terms are defined by the Indian Health Care Improvement Act). In addition, the section eliminates the current exemptions from the ABAWD work requirements for homeless individuals, veterans, and certain foster care individuals (those who are 24 years old or younger and were in foster care on the date of attaining 18 years of age or a higher age). Finally, this section modifies the ABAWD waiver program's allowable state exemptions. Under current law, an ABAWD waiver program allows state exemptions based on an area having an unemployment rate of over 10% or an insufficient number of jobs. The section allows Alaska and Hawaii to qualify for the state exemption with an unemployment rate that is at or above 1.5 times the national unemployment rate. Further, the section repeals the provision that allows a state exemption if that area does not have a sufficient number of jobs. (Sec.…
Congress.gov bill summary · 55 · updated Oct 6, 2025
Path through Congress · started in the House
H.R. 1 · 119th
Status
Became lawJul 4, 2025
Introduced
May 20, 2025
Committee
May 20, 2025
House floor
May 21, 2025
Senate floor
Jun 28, 2025
Resolving differences
Jul 3, 2025
Enrolled
Jul 3, 2025
President's desk
Jul 3, 2025
Became law
Jul 4, 2025
Latest action · Jul 4, 2025
Became Public Law No: 119-21.
As passed by the House of Representatives on May 22, 2025
Jun 4, 2025
As passed by the House of Representatives on May 22, 2025
Jun 17, 2025
CBO and the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation have estimated the effects of the amendment relative to the baseline used for budget enforcement for consideration in the Senate.
Jun 28, 2025
As posted on the website of the Senate Committee on the Budget on June 27, 2025
Jun 29, 2025
As posted on the website of the Senate Committee on the Budget on June 27, 2025
Jun 29, 2025
As posted on the website of the Senate Committee on the Budget on June 27, 2025
Jun 29, 2025
As passed by the Senate on July 1, 2025
Jul 2, 2025
Public Law 119-21 as enacted on July 4, 2025
Jul 21, 2025
Public Law 119-21 as enacted on July 4, 2025
Jul 21, 2025
Chamber seating charts: color shows yea / nay / other; shape shows party. Tap or hover a seat for the member, then dig into party totals and names below.
Color is the vote (ink yea, amber nay, gray other). Shape is the party: circle Democrat, square Republican, diamond Independent.
House
Yea
50.5%
218 members
Nay
49.5%
214 members
Tap a seat for the member · hover on desktop
Democratic212
0 yea · 212 nay
Republican220
218 yea · 2 nay
Tie broken
Vice President of the United States voted Yea
Senate was evenly divided; the Vice President cast the deciding vote. Member seats below stay 50–50.
Senate
Yea
50.0%
50 members
Nay
50.0%
50 members
Tap a seat for the member · hover on desktop
Democratic45
0 yea · 45 nay
Independent2
0 yea · 2 nay
Republican53
50 yea · 3 nay
Jul 3, 2025
On Motion to Concur in the Senate Amendment
House
Yea
50.5%
218 members
Nay
49.5%
214 members
Tap a seat for the member · hover on desktop
Democratic212
0 yea · 212 nay
Republican220
218 yea · 2 nay
Democratic212
0 yea · 212 nay
Republican220
218 yea · 2 nay
May 22, 2025
On Passage
House
Yea
50.1%
215 members
Nay
49.9%
214 members
Other
3
present / not voting
Tap a seat for the member · hover on desktop
Democratic212
0 yea · 212 nay
Republican220
215 yea · 2 nay · 3 other
Democratic212
0 yea · 212 nay
Republican220
215 yea · 2 nay
1 procedural or secondary roll hidden.
Jul 1, 2025
On Passage of the Bill H.R. 1
Senate
Yea
50.0%
50 members
Nay
50.0%
50 members
Tap a seat for the member · hover on desktop
Democratic45
0 yea · 45 nay
Independent2
0 yea · 2 nay
Republican53
50 yea · 3 nay
Democratic45
0 yea · 45 nay
Independent2
0 yea · 2 nay
Republican53
50 yea · 3 nay
Jun 28, 2025
On the Motion to Proceed H.R. 1
Senate
Yea
51.0%
51 members
Nay
49.0%
49 members
Tap a seat for the member · hover on desktop
Democratic45
0 yea · 45 nay
Independent2
0 yea · 2 nay
Republican53
51 yea · 2 nay
Democratic45
0 yea · 45 nay
Independent2
0 yea · 2 nay
Republican53
51 yea · 2 nay
18 procedural or secondary rolls hidden.
493 amendments on Congress.gov · showing 40 with detail.
Sponsor · Sen. Padilla, Alex [D-CA] (D-CA)
Sponsor · Sen. Padilla, Alex [D-CA] (D-CA)
To strike a provision relating to delayed implementation of the supplemental nutrition assistance program matching funds requirements.
Sponsor · Sen. Klobuchar, Amy [D-MN] (D-MN)
Jul 1, 2025 · Amendment SA 2849 not agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 45 - 55. Record Vote Number: 369.
To improve the bill.
Sponsor · Sen. Graham, Lindsey [R-SC] (R-SC)
Jul 1, 2025 · Amendment SA 2848 agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 51 - 50. Record Vote Number: 370.
Use of revenues from lease payments from Metropolitan Washington Airports for aviation safety improvements and other purposes.
Sponsor · Sen. Warner, Mark R. [D-VA] (D-VA)
Jul 1, 2025 · Amendment SA 2847 not agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 50 - 50. Record Vote Number: 367.
Sponsor · Sen. Welch, Peter [D-VT] (D-VT)
Sponsor · Sen. Warner, Mark R. [D-VA] (D-VA)
Sponsor · Sen. Scott, Tim [R-SC] (R-SC)
Sponsor · Sen. Young, Todd [R-IN] (R-IN)
Sponsor · Sen. Warner, Mark R. [D-VA] (D-VA)
Sponsor · Sen. Markey, Edward J. [D-MA] (D-MA)
Sponsor · Sen. Markey, Edward J. [D-MA] (D-MA)
Sponsor · Sen. Markey, Edward J. [D-MA] (D-MA)
Sponsor · Sen. Markey, Edward J. [D-MA] (D-MA)
Sponsor · Sen. Rosen, Jacky [D-NV] (D-NV)
Sponsor · Sen. Peters, Gary C. [D-MI] (D-MI)
Sponsor · Sen. Markey, Edward J. [D-MA] (D-MA)
Sponsor · Sen. Markey, Edward J. [D-MA] (D-MA)
Sponsor · Sen. Moreno, Bernie [R-OH] (R-OH)
Sponsor · Sen. Padilla, Alex [D-CA] (D-CA)
To strike a provision relating to limitations on certain Medicaid payments.
Jul 1, 2025 · Amendment SA 2817 not agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 48 - 52. Record Vote Number: 361.
To strike the section relating to support for artificial intelligence.
Jul 1, 2025 · Amendment SA 2814 agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 99 - 1. Record Vote Number: 363.
To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to apply a 39.6 percent individual income tax rate, and to provide additional funding and specify eligible providers under the Rural Health Transformation Program.
Jul 1, 2025 · Amendment SA 2812 ruled out of order by the chair.
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Major reconciliation package; enacted as Public Law 119-21 with a Vice President tie-break.
Archive built 2026-08-06 from Library of Congress Congress.gov API.